Technologies providing police an alternative to lethal force. These weapons are especially valuable when lethal force: 1) is not necessary; 2) is justified and available for backup, but lesser force may resolve the situation; and, 3) is justified, but its use could cause serious injury to bystanders or other unacceptable collateral effects. These alternatives include: chemical agents, soft projectiles, and electrical devices such as stun guns and Tasers. (https://www.bjs.gov/index.cfm?ty=tdtp&tid=7)