Identification of an individual using biometric characteristics that are unique and not subject to alteration. In present usage, the term refers to identification by fingerprints but may also include identification by retinal images, voiceprints, or other techniques. Positive identification is to be distinguished from identification using name, sex, date of birth, or other personal identifiers as shown on a document subject to alteration or counterfeit such as a birth certificate, Social Security card, or driver’s license. Because individuals can have identical or similar names, ages, etc., identifications based on such characteristics are not reliable. (https://www.bjs.gov/index.cfm?ty=tda)
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